Уголовное право

Inte
ational Criminal Law (ICL) is a relatively new legal discipline composed of legal regulations that derive from inte
ational law and domestic criminal law. The complementarity between inte
ational and domestic criminal systems makes inte
ational criminal law a complex legal discipline in its character, sources, methods, themes and content. Inte
ational criminal law seeks a balance between national sovereignty and the need to regulate the multifaceted relations and interests of the inte
ational community. It is the branch of law that gives force to the prosecution of violations of inte
ational law, of human rights, and of inte
ational humanitarian law. Penal sanctions are imposed on individuals, rather than gove
ments. [1]
Experts have defined 25 categories of inte
ational crimes: aggression, genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, crimes against UN personnel; mercenaries, torture, apartheid, slavery, pirating, airplane hijacking, illegal acts against the environment, illegal drug trafficking, illegal po
ography trafficking, theft of radioactive material, possession and use of illegal arms, illegal human experimentation, illegal acts against maritime navigation, the destruction and theft of national treasures, illegal acts against inte
ationally protected people, mail fraud, the taking of civilian hostages, illegal acts interfering with submarine cables, bribing public officials, forgery… The “core crimes” of inte
ational criminal law are crimes that affect or have the potential to affect the peace and security of humanity. The core crimes are: crimes against humanity, war crimes, genocide
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August 1949
- Convention (IV) relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War. Geneva, 12 August 1949
- Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of Inte
ational Armed Conflicts (Protocol I), 8 June 1977
- Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-Inte
ational Armed Conflicts (Protocol II), 8 June 1977
- Protocol additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Adoption of an Additional Distinctive Emblem (Protocol III), 8 December 2005
- Genocide Convention (Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. New York, 9 December 1948)
- Convention Against Torture (Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. New York, 10 December 1984)
- Apartheid Convention (Inte
ational Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid. New York, 30 November 1973)
- Convention on Protection of Cultural Property (Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict. The Hague, 14 May 1954) [3]
This system makes the work of ICL rather effective...